21.
Orfeuil, Champagne, France

2021.169.266 →

Image
Modern photograph of alternating fields of green and brown. A single tree is silhouetted on the horizon.

The thin, chalky soil and rolling open hills of the Champagne region east of Reims provided little cover or concealment for soldiers and tanks as they fought for ground outside of Orfeuil. Exposed to machine gun and artillery fire, infantry and tanks would learn to maneuver together as the war progressed. This lesson has carried forward to today’s modern military concept of combined arms maneuver.

 

 

Video file

 Infantry soldiers and a French-made Renault tank maneuver in support of each other across open ground.

Recorded by the U.S. Army Signal Corps.

 

 

 

 

22.
Tel Be'er Sheva, Palestine

2021.169.394 →

Image
Modern photograph of a sandy, rock-strewn landscape.

The charge of the 4th ANZAC Light Horse Brigade at Tel Be'er Sheva was part of a larger British offensive on Oct. 31, 1917. Beginning around dusk, the horse-mounted charge broke through Turkish defenses and seized key terrain. The breakthrough and capture of the town allowed Allied forces to advance on Palestine.

 

 

 

 

23.
Argonne, France

2021.169.36 →

Image
Modern photograph of rusted bullet casings amidst dead leaves.

Rusted ammunition remains as a reminder of the U.S. soldiers who died in the Argonne Forest in early Oct. 1918. Often called The Lost Battalion, over 500 soldiers of the 308th Infantry Regiment began their attack on Oct. 3. Only 194 would be rescued five days later.

Image
Sephia photograph of a very large group of men seated at long banquet tables
Photograph of the Reunion Luncheon, Sept. 27, 1942, of the survivors of the Lost Battalion, 77th Division; photograph produced by the Liberty Flashlight Company.
2005.119.0 →

 

 

 

 

24.
Bois d'Ormont, France

2021.169.168 →

Image
Modern photograph of rusted metal bars nailed into a large tree trunk as ladder steps

The remains of a German observation platform for directing artillery fire or sharpshooting.

Image
Sepia photograph of a tree with a platform high in its branches, with a ladder leading to the platform
Black and white photograph of a covered platform in a tree. From the service of Medal of Honor Recipient, John L. Barkley, Corporal of Company K, 4th Infantry.
1996.19.66 →

 

 

 

 

25.
Chambrey, France

2021.169.268 →

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Modern photograph of a grassy area with some trees and a large stone building.

Chambrey's Gare Imperiale sits at the intersection of grand strategies, military tactics and new technologies in the 1900s. After France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, a frontier railway station was built in German-occupied Chambrey in 1873. German military leaders believed that trains, a new technology at the time, could expedite their military mobilization in the event of invasion.

 

 

26.
Taveta, Kenya

2021.169.368 →

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Modern photograph of a green and rust-colored grassland with railroad tracks stretching into the distance

The impact of WWI was felt far beyond European trenches. In Africa, British farmers and settlers volunteered to protect vulnerable railways from German-led guerilla attacks. The British military expanded the railway between Kenya and neighboring Uganda as more soldiers arrived at camps not far from Taveta.

Image
Black and white photograph of a train going over a bridge over a river
German black and white gelatin silver print. Railroad train passing through a bridge over a river. Brucke uber den Ruvu Fluss. (Bridge on the Ruvu River)
2012.95.1.34 →

 

 

 

 

27.
Nantillois, France

2021.169.200 →

Image
A grassy open area bounded by trees, lit by rays of sunlight. Tall grave markers shaped like crosses are planted in the clearing.

The German cemetery at Nantillois contains the graves of 921 soldiers. Some graves still have their original WWI-era headstones.

 

 

 

 

28.
Fleury-devant-Douaumont, France

2021.169.157 →

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Modern photograph of a snowy field with large manicured trees in the background. In the foreground, rows of crosses are planted in the field.

The Douaumont Cemetery is France's largest WWI cemetery, holding 16,142 graves. Douaumont’s ossuary also contains the skeletal remains of over 130,000 unidentified French and German soldiers.

 

 

 

 

29.
Zonnebeke, Belgium

2021.169.73 →

Image
Modern photograph of a snowy field with a few trees scattered in it. Rows of rectangular grave markers stretch away into the distance.

Tyne Cot Cemetery is the world’s largest Commonwealth cemetery, with 11,871 graves and 34,926 names that honor those without a burial site. Tyne Cot began as an aid station and small field cemetery. It was redesigned and enlarged, and remains from surrounding burial sites were reinterred there after the Armistice.

Image
Scan of a WWI propaganda poster. A white woman with liberty spikes haloed around her head opens her arms to the viewer. Text: 'If ye break faith with them who die / they will not sleep / tho poppies grow in Flanders Fields'
American Lithograph Poster, dated 1919, artwork by N.P. Nikolocki.
1920.1.2 →

 

 

 

 

30.
Suvla Bay, Gallipoli, Turkey

2021.169.371 →

Image
Modern photograph of a lush green field dotted with bright red poppies

The Battle of Scimitar Hill on Aug. 21, 1915 was the last Allied offense in Gallipoli. Allied soldiers unsuccessfully charged uphill against Turkish defenders in broad daylight. Subsequent assaults on the same hill that day only reinforced their defeat. Five thousand Allied casualties fell and were eventually consumed by a wildfire ignited by artillery barrage. Poppies now grow over a century later.